Subsurface voids pose significant concerns to geotechnical integrity. Accurately locating these voids is essential for ensuring the soundness of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole analysis, can be laborious and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground wave velocity analy
Geotechnical exploration techniques are crucial for characterizing cavities and voids within the subsurface. These structures can significantly impact the stability of foundations, infrastructure, and terrain. A variety of non-invasive exploration methods are employed to detect cavities and voids. These include test pits, geophysical techniques suc
Geophysical exploration plays a crucial role in the identification and assessment of potential mineral deposits. By employing various physical methods, geologists can probe beneath the Earth's surface to localize subsurface structures and signatures indicative of mineral richness. These geophysical techniques often involve the observation of physi